News of work: Not only sugarcane, farmers can earn good money from its residues, know the right way

Sugarcane generates 40 percent of its total weight as residual waste. It mainly consists of removing its dry leaves and after harvesting its top and stubble etc. Out of this, the farmers mainly use the top or Agola for animal feed, but burn the remaining residue in the field itself. In sugarcane production, about 200-250 kg from 100 tonnes of soil per hectare area. Nitrogen, 120 kg Phosphate and 175 to 225 kg. There is a loss of nutrients like potash etc. In such a situation, in order to keep the fertility of the soil balanced, it is very important to replenish organic and inorganic fertilizers in proper quantity in time. This is often only possible through integrated nutrient management. Burning of residual garbage and dry leaves in the field causes environmental loss as well as loss of 70-95 percent of dry matter and nitrogen.

as mulch

After the first harvesting of sugarcane, the dry leaves and garbage obtained from it are often used by farmers as fuel or for burning fire in winter. If farmers use it as mulch in the field, then they can earn more profit. For this, first about 8-10 cm of dry leaves. Spread a thick layer between the leaves of sugarcane and after that irrigate the field.

While laying the leaves, keep in mind that the frozen sugarcane shoots should not be covered under the leaves and do not leave any empty space. Insects and termites do not grow in it, so 5 liters of Chlorpyripaphos 20 EC should be applied on it. Prepare a solution of about 1500-2000 liters of water and spray it. After this, apply fertilizers, insecticides in the crop as per the need of time and irrigate it according to time.

Carbon: To reduce the ratio of nitrogen to 30 kg. Spray urea per acre, so that the waste/trash/residue can be decomposed rapidly.

• To increase the activity of bacteria and protect them from direct light, cover it with a light layer of soil. Now with the help of Trash Cutter/Harrow, cut or plow the obstructed garbage.

the profit

This type of management technique has the following advantages-

• The fertility of the land remains balanced. Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potash, NPK levels increase, along with its trash management can increase sugarcane production by about 4-10 percent and reduce the fertilizer cost of the farmer.
• Laying dry leaves/or mulch of sugarcane retains moisture in the soil, which can save water to a great extent.
• Germination of tree sugarcane is fast.
• The cost of using weedicides can be reduced by controlling weeds.
• Soil fertility can also be increased.

other uses

• Sugarcane leaves can be used as bedding for livestock during winter season.
• A good amount of biodegradable manure can be made by putting dry leaves of sugarcane in the pit and smelting it.
• After harvesting sugarcane, the residue stubbles can be dried and used as fuel.

use in the production of biofuels

Sugarcane leaves are a good source of lignocellulose. These can be used as biomass for the production of bio-fuels such as bio-ethanol biogas. Therefore, farmers can give the dry leaves and sugarcane tops obtained from the crop after harvesting to a local bio-ethanol producing industry, which can be a separate source of their income.

The process of conversion of sugarcane leaves to bio-ethanol involves three main activities-

Pre-treatment of Biomass: Pre-treatment is done by various physical, chemical and biological means. Its main objective is to remove lignin from the biomass/biomass and increase the surface area of ​​cellulose.

Sacrifice: This process is done by enzymes produced by various fungi or bacteria. In this process cellulose is fermentable to form sugars such as glucose.

Fermentation: The yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae and the bacterium Zymomonas mabilis play an important role in the fermentation process for ethanol production.

Post harvest sugarcane residue management

• After harvesting, collect the remnants of sugarcane and arrange them in alternate beds.
• Cut the remaining pieces or roots of sugarcane just close to the soil.
• 250 ml Carbendazim and 250 ml. Prepare a solution of Chlorpyriphos in 100 liters of water and spray it on the residual garbage.
• Irrigate the field so that the residual waste can absorb enough moisture.
• Take 200 liters of water and add 200 kg to it. Prepare a solution of cow dung. 10 kg in it. Add the decomposing culture which is available under different names in the market, so that the mixture can decompose quickly.
• After the dissolution of the prepared mixture, sprinkle it on the residual garbage.

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